From Yang Jisheng's Tombstone. The Great Leap Forward in Henan Province:
The brutal campaign involved tortures such as 'stir fried beans' ( referred to in Sichuan as 'scrubbing the Taro') in which a person was pushed around a ring of people until he collapsed. Some victims with heart problems died during this ordeal.
Them times ain't no more, right? Not quite:
In the first week, Zhou slept barely an hour each night in a hotel because his interrogators stood in a circle and endlessly pushed him back and forth, demanding he confess to accepting 100,000 yuan, or $16,000, in bribes.
And that was only the start of it. People argue about what way, if any, China has 'reformed' . One way of looking at it might be as a process involving the professionalisation of dictatorship. What was once done in public by ad hoc teams enforcing mass line political campaigns is now done in private, by specialists looking for confessions to specific financial crimes. What remains is a core of institutional memory.
It is one of the most disturbing things about accounts of the GLF (and Cultural Revolution) that masses of people just instinctively seemed to know what to do when they wanted to torture and humiliate people. The knowledge was very widely distributed.
Posted by: ajay | March 12, 2014 at 11:08 AM
I think it only looks that way when the events of the immediately previous period are occluded, as they sometimes are in accounts of the GLF - but the anti-rightist campaign and in fact lots of stuff that happened during the consolidation of power after 1949 paved the way, from what I've read (which is not enough admittedly and will hopefully soon be supplemented when I finally get round to The Tragedy of Liberation).
Posted by: Malcs | March 12, 2014 at 12:41 PM
masses of people just instinctively seemed to know what to do when they wanted to torture and humiliate people. The knowledge was very widely distributed.
"scrubbing the taro" looks very much like a standard one of those playground plausibly-deniable-bullying-games. TBH kids as young as ten can work out how to torture and humiliate people so I don't think it requires much training.
Posted by: dsquared | March 12, 2014 at 12:46 PM
kids as young as ten can work out how to torture and humiliate people so I don't think it requires much training.
Or: the playground also has an institutional memory of torture and humiliation.
Posted by: des von bladet | March 12, 2014 at 01:57 PM
Can't swear to it statistically I think one of the main differences between China and the SU was the fact that the formal Russian security organs were much bigger than China's, at least on a per capita basis. China seemed to rely much more heavily on popular mobilisation to enforce political control, especially out in the countryside. Likewise, administratively China was always quite decentralised on a sort of 'mission control' basis, by which I mean that whiulke yoiu had to obey orders and meet targets, how you did it was up to you (a lot of this latter structure still persists post reform,)The GLF and - especially - the Cultural Revolution seems to be what happens when the whole process gets completely out of control.
Posted by: jamie | March 12, 2014 at 04:00 PM
the playground also has an institutional memory of torture and humiliation
Iona and Peter Opie's classic "The Lore and Language of Schoolchildren" has a chapter devoted to precisely this (chinese* burns and so on).
*relevant!
Posted by: belle le triste | March 12, 2014 at 04:50 PM
Iona and Peter Opie's classic "The Lore and Language of Schoolchildren"
I was fascinated by this book when I was a kid, but wasn't allowed to read it in case I started coming out with random Shetland whalefucking songs in break when I should have been getting in fights.
Posted by: Alex | March 12, 2014 at 11:11 PM
A friend of mine got into folk at a young age, regaled his friends at break with the plot of Lizzie Wan and very nearly got suspended for it - the headteacher was not pleased.
Posted by: Phil | March 13, 2014 at 09:28 AM